The number one reason for applications not performing the way they can is the database misuse. May be the following few simple steps can go a long way making our J2EE applications perform and scale well
1. Use databases for only that data which you need to persist and not for everything.
2. Model and design your database to third normal form in general but do the de-normalization of the database to cater to specific functional needs
3. Create indexes where necessary but lets not overdo it as it has its own impact while inserting stuff as database might take up lot of time updating them.
4. Learn about the specific datatypes our database offers and use them to maximum as some might perform better then the others
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